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MBTI人格系列翻译整理⑤—— ENFJ教育家型

ENFJ Personality Type Profile

ENFJ的人格类型


Like the INFJ personality type, the ENFJ is among the rarest of the sixteen types, comprising only about 2-3% of the population.

与INFJ人格型一样,ENFJ是16种类型中最罕见的人格型之一,仅占总人口的2 - 3%。

The ENFJ is warm, engaging, charismatic, persuasive, and talkative. These personality traits contribute to their status as kings and queens of the social realm. ENFJs can quickly read and establish rapport with others. Because of their love for people and formidable social intelligence, ENFJs develop extensive networks of friends, acquaintances, and social connections; they are networkers par excellence. Just as ESPs seek a breadth of sensory experiences (Se), so it is with ENFJs’ relationships and interactions with people (Fe).

ENFJ是热情的、迷人的、有魅力的、有说服力的、健谈的。这些个性特征有助于他们成为社交场合中的King和Queen。ENFJs可以快速地了解别人,并与他人建立起关系。由于他们对人的热爱和强大的“社交智慧”,ENFJs开发了大量的朋友、熟人和社会关系网络,他们都是杰出的社交网络搭建者。就如ESPs热烈地寻求丰富的感官体验(Se),ENFJs会积极地寻求与他人建立交互关系(Fe)。

Like INFJs, ENFJs excel when it comes to reading people, quickly assessing and mirroring their emotions, expressions, and body language. This grants ENFJs great insight into people, contributing to their effectiveness in education, counseling, sales, public relations, and other ENFJ careers.

和INFJs一样,ENFJs擅长于读懂他人、快速地评估和反映别人的情绪、表情和身体语言。这赋予了ENFJs对“人”的巨大洞察力,有助于他们在教育、咨询、销售、公共关系和其他“ENFJs式”的事业上取得成绩。

ENFJs discover their people skills rather early in life. Indeed, their self-esteem and self-image develops in large part around their social prowess. With each new person they encounter and connect with, their self-concept and self-worth are reinforced. Over time, ENFJs gradually become aware of their power to influence and persuade others. At some point, they realize they can use their powers of persuasion to get nearly anything they want. From that point forward, they must wrestle with the degree to which they are willing to use their charm and charisma to achieve their goals. They can take an “end justifies the means” approach, manipulating and politicking their way to the top. Or, they can forgo the temptation of quick success and preserve their integrity.

ENFJs在很早期就开始发展他们的人际技能。事实上,他们的“自我意识”和“自我形象”在很大程度上是由他们的社交能力发展而来的。通过与遇到的每一个人的接触,他们的自我概念和自我价值被加强。随着时间的推移,ENFJs会逐渐意识到自己影响和说服他人的能力。从某一阶段开始,他们会意识到,他们可以运用自己的说服力来获得他们想要的任何东西。从那一刻起,他们就开始要在“他们所愿意运用自己魅力的程度”和“要实现目标需要达到的魅力程度”之间进行抉择。他们可以采取“非正当手段”的方式,操纵自己达到顶点,又或者,他们可以选择放弃“快速成功”的诱惑,保持他们的正直。

While “working a crowd” or charming an audience is undoubtedly invigorating for ENFJs, their desire to engage with people goes beyond mere superficials. Their auxiliary function, Introverted Intuition (Ni), adds a degree of depth that is less apparent in their ESFJ counterparts. Like INFJs, ENFJs see it as their job to help others live more authentically, ethically, and healthily. Utilizing their insight into people, they can be quite effective at diagnosing problems and formulating solutions that spawn personal growth. And because ENFJs are the most convincing (even if a bit forceful) of all the personality types, others often respond well to their counsel.

“群体性的工作”或“吸引大众的目光”无疑都是很鼓舞ENFJs的,他们与人打交道的欲望超越了肤浅的层面。他们的辅助功能[内向直觉(Ni)]为他们增加了一些深度——这样的深度是在相对的ESFJ型中并不明显的。像INFJs一样,ENFJs把“帮助别人更真实、更道德、更健康地生活”看成是他们的工作,他们利用自己对人的洞察力,有效地诊断问题并制定出“个人成长解决方案”。因为ENFJs是所有人格类型中最具有说服力的(即使会有点强势),而且其他人往往对他们的建议都反应良好。

Although ENFJs certainly want to help and support others, their reasons for doing so are not always entirely altruistic. After all, as Fe types, their own sense of self is inextricably interwoven with that of others. So while ENFJs genuinely want those they help to succeed,  if those individuals end up failing, the ENFJ may come down hard on them. After all, failure on the part of their students can seem threatening to ENFJs’ ability to self-actualize, since their students are extensions of themselves. Deep down, the ENFJ may feel that a “poor student” is a reflection of a “poor teacher.”

虽然ENFJs的确想帮助和支持其他人,但是他们这样做的理由并不总是完全无私的。毕竟,就像所有Fe类型一样,他们自己的“自我意识”是与“他人的反馈感受”不可分割地交织在一起的。因此,当ENFJs真心想要那些他们帮助的人取得成功时,如果那些人最终失败了,可能会给ENFJ带来沉重的打击。毕竟,学生的失败似乎就挑战了ENFJs的“自我实现能力”,因为学生是他们自己的某种延伸。在内心深处,ENFJ可能会觉得“差学生”是“差老师”的反映。

Another element of ENFJs that cannot be overlooked is their desire for self-mastery. As we will discuss later, this pertains to their inferior function, Introverted Thinking (Ti), which compels them to be self-controlled, self-directed, and self-regulated. Unfortunately, like other types, ENFJs often overestimate the skill and development of their inferior. So while they may aspire to or even believe they have achieved self-mastery, they are typically far better at evaluating and managing others (Fe) than they are themselves (Ti).

ENFJs的另一个不可忽视的特征是他们对“自我掌控”的渴望。正如我们后面将要讨论的,这与他们的第四功能[内向思考(Ti)]有关,这迫使他们自我控制、自我指导、自我调节。不幸的是,像其他型(INFJ)的人一样,ENFJs经常高估了他们第四功能的能力和发展程度。因此,尽管他们渴望甚至相信自己已经实现了自我掌控,但他们在评估和管理他人(Fe)方面往往比掌控自己(Ti)要好得多。

In sum, ENFJs are driven by several things. They are invigorated by social novelty and networking with people. They are also motivated by personal excellence and self-mastery, including the sense of validation that comes from being esteemed and admired by others. Lastly, and perhaps most importantly, they strive to quicken the personal growth of others, which, in turn, fortifies their sense of purpose and self-worth.

总之,ENFJs是被一些事物所驱动的。他们被社会的新奇感和人际交往所鼓舞、他们也被实现个人卓越和自我掌控所激励,包括被他人尊敬和钦佩的认可感,最后,也许最重要的是,他们会努力帮助他人的成长,因为这一点反过来,会强化他们自己的“目的感”和“自我价值感”。


ENFJs’ Functional Stack

ENFJs的功能类型

Dominant: Extraverted Feeling (Fe)——主导功能:外向情感(Fe)

Auxiliary: Introverted Intuition (Ni)——辅助功能:内向直觉 (Ni)

Tertiary: Extraverted Sensing (Se)——第三功能:外向感觉(Se)

Inferior:  Introverted Thinking (Ti)——第四功能:内向思考(Ti)

Phase I (Childhood)

阶段一:儿童期

This phase is characterized by the emergence and differentiation of ENFJs’ dominant function, Extraverted Feeling (Fe). In developing and strengthening their Fe, Phase I ENFJs can seem inflexible and opinionated, quick to make judgments and draw conclusions about the world. Since their judgments are not yet being weighed and balanced by their auxiliary Ni, they are prone to jump to conclusions.

这一阶段的特点是——ENFJs的主导功能[外向情感(Fe)]的出现和分化。在发展和加强Fe功能的过程中,处在第一阶段的ENFJs看起来是顽固的、固执的,快速做出判断并得出结论的。由于此时他们的判断还没有被他们的辅助功能Ni去探测和平衡,他们倾向于很快得出结论。

Since Fe is a rational Judging function, ENFJs tend to take themselves and their lives quite seriously. Even from a relatively young age, ENFJs are self-disciplined and goal-oriented, striving for excellence in whatever they do. They can differ markedly from INFJs in this phase, whose dominant function (Ni) is a Perceiving function. Ni prompts INFJs to be more open and take life less seriously than Phase I ENFJs are wont to do. While both types utilize Fe, INFJs are more concerned with ingesting and digesting the world (Ni), while ENFJs are already working to change or control it (Fe).

由于Fe是一种理性的判断功能,ENFJs倾向于把“他们自己”和“他们的生活”看得很严肃。即使在相对年轻的年龄,ENFJs也有强烈的“自我约束”和“目标导向”,无论做什么都追求卓越。在这一阶段,他们与INFJs有显著的不同,INFJs的主导功能(Ni)是感知功能,Ni使得INFJs更开放,对待生活的态度不像第一阶段时的ENFJs那样严肃认真。虽然这两种类型都使用Fe,但INFJs更关心的是吸收和消化世界(Ni),而ENFJs在努力地改变或控制世界(Fe)。

Phase II (Adolescence-30s)

阶段二:青春期-30s

Once their dominant Fe reaches a certain threshold of strength and dominance, ENFJs’ inferior function, Introverted Thinking (Ti), enters the picture and begins to play a more influential role. This can be confusing because Ti is not next in line in their functional stack. Its undue influence derives from its bipolar relationship with ENFJs’ dominant Fe. It is somewhat unfortunate that the influence of the inferior peaks in Phase II, when most people are making life-altering decisions about their careers and relationships. ENFJs’ Fe-Ti tug-of-war will be elucidated later in this profile.

一旦他们的主导功能(Fe)达到一定的强度和支配地位,ENFJs的第四功能[内向思考(Ti)]就会开始出现并逐渐扮演起更有影响力的角色。这可能会让人感到困惑,因为Ti功能并不是在功能类型中下一个首当其冲需要开发的功能。它的消极影响往往来源于与ENFJs主导功能Fe之间的冲突对立关系。而不幸的是,Ti带来的消极影响往往在第二阶段时达到顶峰,而这一阶段又正好是大多数人职业选择和人际关系的关键时期。ENFJs的Fe-Ti之间的角力将在稍后的文章中被进一步阐明。

In addition to the increasing presence and influence of their Ti, Phase II ENFJs are also developing their auxiliary function, Introverted Intuition (Ni). As they encounter complex problems and situations that call for greater patience and reflection, they turn to their Ni for assistance. In doing so, they become increasingly capable of grasping and incorporating the bigger picture (Ni) into their Fe Judging process. Ni insight may also compel them to rescind or revise some of their previous premature judgments.

除了加强Ti功能的存在和影响外,处在第二阶段的ENFJs还在发展其辅助功能[内向直觉(Ni)]。当他们遇到复杂的问题和需要更多的耐心及反思的情境时,他们会求助于他们的Ni。这样一来,他们就会越来越有能力掌握和融合更大的图景(Ni)加入到他们的Fe判断过程中。Ni的洞察力也可能迫使他们撤销或修改一些他们先前过早的判断。

Phase II ENFJs may also begin to differentiate and incorporate their tertiary function, Extraverted Sensing (Se). For ENFJs, Se represents a further relaxing and opening of their judgments. It helps them loosen their grip on life, tempering their need for constant outer control (Fe). As their Ni and Se develop, ENFJs take on more Perceiving qualities, displaying more openness, flexibility, and acceptance.

第二阶段的ENFJs也可能开始分化并结合它们的第三个功能[外向感觉(Se)]。对于ENFJs来说,Se代表了他们判断功能的进一步放松和开放。Se帮助ENFJs放松对生活的控制、缓和他们持续地外部控制的需要。随着Ni和Se的发展,ENFJs将呈现出更多地“知觉性”特性,展示出更多的开放性、灵活性和接受度。

Phase III (30s, 40s, & Beyond)

阶段三:30s、40s及以后

If all goes well and they are fortunate enough to enter Phase III, ENFJs become increasingly aware of the insidious manifestations of their inferior Ti. By increasing their inferior awareness and learning to function more authentically as ENFJs, they experience greater balance between their Fe and Ti. They learn that integrating their Ti happens naturally and indirectly as they go about authentically using their Fe and softening its judgments and its need for control through their Ni and Se. As they cultivate conditions that support their natural strengths, Phase III ENFJs come to experience a heightened and enduring sense of peace, wholeness, and satisfaction.

如果一切顺利,他们足够幸运地进入了第三阶段,ENFJs就会越来越意识到他们的第四功能Ti的隐藏表现。通过提高他们的第四功能、学习成为一个更纯正的ENFJs,他们会感受到Fe和Ti之间更大的平衡。他们会认识到,在更正确地使用Fe——柔化这种判断功能,以及通过Ni和Se来控制Fe的过程中,对Ti功能的整合也会自然而然地发生。当他们培养出能够支持自己优势发展的良好条件时,第三阶段的ENFJs就会感受到一种强烈而持久的和谐、整体性和满足感。


ENFJs’ Dominant Function: Extraverted Feeling (Fe)

ENFJs的主导功能:外向情感(Fe)

Extraverted Feeling (Fe) is ENFJs’ dominant and most preferred function. As a Judging function that is extraverted in its direction, ENFJs are considered Extraverted Judging types. In laypersons’ terms, this means they are quick to outwardly express their feelings, opinions, and grievances. They Judge before they Perceive, speak before they listen. This can be both a strength and a weakness. On the one hand, it contributes to ENFJs’ quick responsiveness and capacity for leadership. On the other, it can dispose ENFJs to judging too quickly or too severely.

[外向情感(Fe)]是ENFJs的主导功能和最优先的功能。由于Fe是一种外向的判断功能,因此ENFJs也被认为是外向判断的人格类。在外行听起来,这意味着他们会迅速地表达自己的情感、观点和不满。他们会在感知之前判断,会在倾听之前先表达。这既可能是一种优势,也可能是某种弱点。一方面,它催生了ENFJs的快速响应能力和领导能力,另一方面,它又可能导致ENFJs判断得太快或太武断。

Fe also imbues ENFJs with a propensity to manage or otherwise influence other people. This desire for control should not immediately be considered “bad” or unhealthy. As we’ve seen, Judging is a viable and commonly used approach to navigating life. While ETJs are more quickly recognized as controlling commanders, ENFJs’ Feeling preference makes their means of control more subtle and in some ways more effective. Because of their ability to read and understand people, ENFJs can quickly and intuitively discern the quickest and most effective route to influencing them. This often involves schmoozing through eloquent language packaged in Fe warmth and friendliness.

此外, Fe也使得很多ENFJs倾向于管理或影响别人。这种对控制的渴望不应立即被认为是“坏的”或“不健康的”。毕竟,“判断”是一种“用来指导生活”的可行且常用的方法。虽然ETJs更容易被认为是控制指挥官,但ENFJs在“感觉”上的优势使得他们的控制手段更加微妙,在某些方面也更加有效。由于他们读懂他人的能力,ENFJs能够快速而直观地辨别出影响他人的最快和最有效的途径,这通常需要热情而友好的亲密交谈(Fe)。

While ENFJs are subtle and smooth in the public sphere, those who work with or have a closer relationship them will eventually see their more controlling or judgmental side. While Fe involves a penchant for maintaining interpersonal harmony and good feeling, this can be trumped by its commensurate desire for outer control and assertiveness. ENFJs are in many ways wired to express their feeling judgments as soon as they come about. This is obviously of great importance for their intimates to understand, recognizing that what comes out of the ENFJ’s mouth is often their first reaction, one they may later come to reverse upon further reflection (Ni). Unfortunately, parents and teachers often fail to understand this about their ENFJ children and end up stifling their Fe expressiveness. This most certainly produces great frustration and possibly even psychological harm in young ENFJs.

尽管ENFJs在社交领域中是精妙而圆滑的,但那些与他们合作或有着密切关系的人最终会看到他们更多的“控制”或“判断”的那一面。虽然Fe涉及到保持人际和谐和氛围良好的倾向,但这可能会被他们对外部的控制欲望所压倒。ENFJs会通过很多途径即时地去表达他们的情感判断,理解这一点对ENFJs的密友来说是非常重要的,必须意识到,从ENFJ的嘴里说出的话往往只是他们的第一反应,之后很有可能会被他们的Ni功能给逆转。不幸的是,很多父母和老师常常无法理解他们ENFJs的孩子,甚至扼杀他们Fe的表达热情。这无疑会给年轻的ENFJs带来极大的挫折感甚至心理伤害。

Fe also plays a prominent role in reading and empathizing with others’ emotions. It helps ENFJs recreate another’s emotion state within themselves, allowing them to feel what the other person is feeling. Interestingly, ENFJs have a more difficult time when it comes to perceiving and making sense of their own emotions. This is due to the fact that Fe is directed outwardly rather than inwardly. Unlike IFPs, ENFJs don’t spend much time trying to independently sort out their emotions. Inwardly, they deal largely in the currency of Intuition (Ni). Hence, when ENFJs find themselves in emotionally troubling circumstances, they often (and should) turn to others for support or guidance. Expressing themselves through their Fe is critical to their psychological and physical health and well-being. Even if doing so does not provide them with an immediate solution to the problem at hand, they tend to feel better once they have expressed their feelings, be it through words or through tears.

在理解和同情他人的情绪方面,Fe也扮演着重要的角色。它帮助ENFJs在自己体内重现出别人的情绪状态,让他们充分感受到对方的感受。有趣的是,对ENFJs来说,感知和理解他们自己的情绪反而还比较困难。这是由于Fe是向外的,而不是向内的。与IFPs不同的是,ENFJs不会花太多时间去单独地整理他们的情感。在内部,他们主要用[内向直觉(Ni)]功能进行处理。因此,当ENFJs发现自己处于情绪不安的环境时,他们经常(应该)转向他人寻求支持或指导。“通过Fe功能表达自己”对于ENFJs的心理健康和身体健康至关重要。即使这样做并不一定能立即解决眼前的问题,但一旦他们表达了自己的感受,无论是通过言语还是泪水,他们都会感觉好一些。

Fe is more influenced by cultural norms and expectations than Fi is. Just as Extraverted Thinking (Te) involves collective methods for evaluating and ordering information (e.g., the scientific method), Fe entails socially accepted ways of engaging with people. For instance, ENFJs typically display ample warmth, friendliness, and congeniality in their interactions. While Fi types may disparage ENFJs as emotionally superficial or disingenuous, most ENFJs have good intentions of improving morale or finding consensus. Even their attempts to control or schmooze others may be rooted in a larger desire for peace, diplomacy, and mutual understanding.

Fe比Fi更受“文化传统”和“期望”的影响。就如[外向思考(Te)]涉及到评估和排列信息的收集方法(例如科学方法),Fe则需要社会化的方式——与人接触的方式。例如,ENFJs通常在交往中会展现出足够的热情和友好性。尽管Fi型人可能会鄙视ENFJs在情感上的肤浅或不真诚,但大多数ENFJs都有良好的意图来提高士气或达成共识,即使他们试图控制与他人的交往,也可能是出于对和平、外交和相互理解的更大愿望。

Finally, the dominant position of their Fe, combined with their auxiliary Ni, makes ENFJs among the most consistently goal-oriented of all types. ENFJs tend to take themselves, their lives, and their endeavors quite seriously. To the casual onlooker, this may not always seem evident, since ENFJs spend so much of their time engaging with people. But for ENFJs, their interactions with people are a key part of their life’s work. ENFJs are highly intentional and often have an agenda—to teach, motivate, unite, persuade, etc. If they see little opportunity to effectively execute their agenda, they can quickly become restless and move on to something different.

最后,Fe的主导地位,再加上辅助功能Ni,使得ENFJs成为了所有人格型中一致性最强的目标导向型人格。ENFJs倾向于把自己、他们的生活、他们的努力都看得很认真。对于偶然的旁观者来说,这一点也许并不显而易见,因为ENFJs花费了大量的时间在与人打交道。但是对于ENFJs来说,他们与人的互动是他们生活工作的关键部分。ENFJs是非常有意图性的,也通常会有很明确的行动议程——教学、激励、联合、说服等。如果他们没有机会有效地执行他们的议程,他们就会变得焦躁不安,转而采取其他的行动。


ENFJs’ Auxiliary Function: Introverted Intuition (Ni)

ENFJs的辅助功能:内向直觉 (Ni)

As stated earlier, ENFJs Judge before they Perceive. In many cases, it is only after making an upfront judgment by way of their Fe that they open themselves to alternative perspectives presented by their auxiliary function, Introverted Intuition (Ni). They differ in this respect from INFJs, who use Ni first and are therefore slower to express an initial judgment. ENFJ-INFJ differences emerge in social contexts as well.

如前所述,ENFJs通常是在感知之前判断。大多数情况下, ENFJs只有在运用他们的Fe功能对事物有了一个预先的判断之后,才会使用辅助功能(Ni)对其他的观点进行开放。这和INFJs完全不同,INFJs是首先使用Ni功能,然后才慢慢地形成一个最初的判断。 ENFJ-INFJ的差异也显现在社会情境中。

As Fe dominants, ENFJs are first and foremost concerned with shaping what is happening in the immediate social environment (Fe). They want to ensure that good feelings are maintained or to accomplish whatever social objective they have in mind (e.g., teaching, advising, motivating, etc.). For ENFJs, Ni concerns take a backseat to Fe.

由于Fe的主导地位,ENFJs首先关注于当下社会环境中正在发生的事情 (Fe)。他们要确保“好的感觉”得到了维持,或者是去完成他们心中的社会目标——教学,建议,激励等等。对ENFJs来说, Ni的社会关心排在Fe之后。

INFJs, by contrast, are more concerned with obtaining an accurate perception of what is happening (Ni) than they are with accomplishing any specific social objective. If they are faced with the dilemma of stating truth versus saving face, INFJs are more inclined toward the former. ENFJs, by contrast, are more likely to take an “ends justifies the means” approach than INFJs are. In order to accomplish their J agenda, ENFJs may be willing to say or withhold things that would not sit right with INFJs. They may also be more willing to feign happiness. ENFJs might reason, even if unwittingly, that if good feelings can be cultivated out there (Fe), then a sense of inner happiness will likely emerge in due time.

与之相比,INFJs则更关心如何准确地感知正在发生的事情(Ni),而不是实现任何特定的社会目标。如果他们面对的是“陈述真相”与“挽回面子”的两难境地,INFJs更倾向于前者。相比之下,ENFJs比起INFJs更有可能采取“非正当手段”。为了完成他们“J”的议程,ENFJs可能会说或保留不适合于INFJs的东西。他们也可能更愿意假装快乐。ENFJs可能会推理,即使是无意识的,如果“好的感觉”可以培养出来(Fe),那么内在的快乐感也可能会自然而然地产生。

All of this is not to say that INFJs are somehow more moral or upstanding than ENFJs. Rather, this discussion illustrates the importance of the relative ordering of the functions in the functional stack, which invariably influences a given type’s priorities, motivations, and actions.

所有这些并不是说INFJs比ENFJs更有道德感或更崇高。相反,这个讨论说明了功能类型中功能排序的重要性。这种排序会影响人格型的优先偏好、激励机制和实际行为。


ENFJs’ Tertiary Function: Extraverted Sensing (Se)

ENFJs的第三功能:外向感觉(Se)

Extraverted Sensing (Se) serves as ENFJs’ tertiary function. While Si involves an intensive connection to the remembered past, Se is more extensive and present-oriented. It amasses concrete details and sensory information from the environment by way of the five senses (i.e., sight, smell, touch, sound, and taste).

外向感觉(Se)是ENFJs的第三个功能,相对比Si是与过去的记忆有密切的联系,Se则更加广泛、更注重当下。它通过五观(即视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉、触觉)从环境中收集具体的细节和感官信息。

Unlike Si, Se is not content with the routine and familiar. Rather, it seeks sensory and material novelty. Se types love novel sensations and appearances, physical thrills, and material comforts. They are more liberal than Si types in their approach to and use of the material world.

与Si不同,Se不满足于常规和熟悉感。相反,它寻求感官和物质上的新奇感。Se型喜欢新奇的感觉、外观、身体刺激和物质享受。他们对待物质世界的方式比Si型更自由。

Se can also be linked with a concern for beauty and aesthetics (especially in Feeling types). ENFJs often have refined tastes when it comes to their material surroundings, their physical appearance, as well as their palate. They commonly display a taste for the finer things in life—fine arts, food, music, culture, etc. Consequently, some ENFJs may be perceived as snobbish or uppity, taking themselves or their sophisticated tastes a bit too seriously.

Se还可能与美感和美学(尤其是情感)方面的关注联系在一起。ENFJs在物质环境、外表和口感方面都有优雅的品味。他们通常会在生活艺术、食物、音乐、文化等方面表现出更高的品味。因此,一些ENFJs可能被认为是势利的或傲慢的——把他们自己或他们的高级品味看得过于较真。


ENFJs’ Inferior Function: Introverted Thinking (Ti)

ENFJs的第四功能:内向思考(Ti)

For those unfamiliar with the workings and powerful influence of the inferior function, as well as strategies for dealing with it, I encourage you to explore some of my posts on the inferior function. Like other types, ENFJs can be easily blinded to the degree to which their inferior function impacts their decisions and behavior. Without sufficiently understanding their inferior function, Introverted Thinking (Ti), ENFJs will continue to feel incomplete and be prone to unhealthy decision-making in their careers, lifestyle, and relationships.

对于那些不熟悉第四功能的作用方式和强大影响的人来说,我鼓励你们去研究一下我其他的一些关于第四功能的文章以及处理它的策略。与其他型一样,ENFJs也很容易地忽视第四功能对他们的决策和行为的影响程度。如果不充分地了解他们的第四功能[内向思考(Ti)],ENFJs将会继续感到不完整,并且倾向于在职业、生活和人际关系中做出不健康的决策。

Like ITPs, EFJs can be seen as trying to find the right balance between their Ti and Fe, independence (Ti) and interdependence (Fe), self (Ti) and others (Fe). For ITPs, Ti is far more conscious than it is for EFJs. While ITPs may feel they have little control over or influence with regard to the outside world (Fe), the inner structuring granted by their Ti confers a strong sense of inner control. This allows them to independently manage and order their thoughts and experiences so as to better cope with a world they see as outside their control. ITPs also use their Ti powers of logic to discern their own truth.

和ITPs一样,EFJs可以被视为试图找到Ti和Fe、独立性(Ti)和相互依赖(Fe)、自我(Ti)和他人(Fe)之间的平衡。ITPs的Ti比EFJs的Ti要有意识的多。尽管ITPs可能觉得自己对外界没有多少控制或影响,但他们Ti的内在结构赋予了强烈的内在控制意识。这使得他们能够独立地管理和整理他们的想法和经验,以便更好地处理他们认为不受控制的世界。ITPs也使用他们的Ti来辨别真相。

Because their Ti is inferior, ENFJs don’t enjoy the same sense of inner control that ITPs do. Nor do they experience the same aptitude or confidence in their ability to consciously wield logic. Just as feelings are slippery and elusive for ITPs, so it is with logic for ENFJs.

因为他们的Ti是第四功能,所以ENFJs不像ITPs那样享受这种内在控制感。他们也不会有同样的能力去有意识地运用这种逻辑。就像对ITPs来说,“感知”这件事就很棘手,而且难以捉摸,“逻辑”对ENFJs来说亦如是。

However elusive their Ti, ENFJs are still captivated by it (as all types are with their inferior). In many ways, Ti represents a source of wholeness and self-actualization for ENFJs. Since Ti and Fe comprise a functional whole, they intuitively realize the importance of integrating these two functions for them to feel whole and complete. Consequently, ENFJs can be seen as striving for a greater sense of inner control and logical competence (Ti), which is why they may exhibit some of the same interests or self-conceptions as INTPs.

然而无论他们的Ti多么难以捉摸,ENFJs仍然会被它所吸引(就像所有型与他们的第四功能的关系那样)。在许多方面,Ti代表了ENFJs的整体性和自我实现的来源。由于Ti和Fe组成了一个整体,他们直觉地认识到将这两个功能集成在一起对于实现完整性的重要性。因此,ENFJs可以被看出去争取更大的内在控制感和逻辑能力,这就是为什么他们可能会表现出一些和INTPs相似的兴趣或自我概念。

For instance, ENFJs may conceive of themselves as highly logical, independent, and self-sufficient. They may extol the virtues of independent thought (Ti), lauding the value of “cognitive-behavioral” strategies. They may also fancy themselves as self-aware or self-taught. When indulging their Ti, they may lose themselves in stacks of non-fiction books or journals. Their Ti may even impel them to take up formal study in subjects like mathematics, science, or philosophy. Some ENFJs may even consider themselves Introverts because of their Ti attraction to heady or intellectual topics.

例如,ENFJs可能认为自己是高度逻辑的、独立的、自给自足的。他们可能赞颂“独立思考”的美德(Ti),赞美“认知行为”的价值。他们也可能把自己想象成”自我意识”或“自我教育”。当纵容他们的Ti功能时,他们可能会迷失在成堆的非虚构类书籍或期刊上。他们的Ti甚至可能会促使他们接受数学、科学或哲学等学科的正式研究。一些ENFJs甚至可能认为自己是内向的人,因为他们的Ti会被令人兴奋的智力话题所吸引力。

But just as other types misinterpret or overestimate the skill and competence of their inferior function, so it goes with ENFJs. In truth, ENFJs are not as logical or independent in their thinking as they imagine themselves to be; the majority of their Thinking-related ideas are typically culled from without. Moreover, as Extraverts, ENFJs are far better at reading, understanding, and controlling others (Fe) than they are themselves; they are more “other-aware” (Fe) than “self-aware” (Ti).

但是,正如其他类型错误地理解或高估了他们的第四功能的能力那样,ENFJs也是如此。事实上,ENFJs的思维中并不像他们想象的那样具有逻辑性或独立性,大多数与思考有关的想法他们都是没有的。此外,作为外向的人,ENFJs在理解和控制他人(Fe)方面远比理解他们自己要强得多,比起“自我意识”(Ti)他们更有“他人意识”(Fe)。

Since ENFJs are ultimately unsure of the soundness of their own logic (Ti), they may unwittingly try to convince themselves through the act of convincing others. The more people they can convince that an idea is sound (Fe), the more confident they hope to feel about its veracity (Ti).

由于ENFJs最终不确定他们逻辑的合理性(Ti),他们可能会不自觉地通过说服他人的行为来说服自己。相信他想法的人越多,他就会对自己想法的真实性越有信心。


Personal Growth for the ENFJ

ENFJ的个人成长

As I’ve described elsewhere, personal growth is more about utilizing our natural strengths and enhancing the conditions for functioning authentically according to our type than it is about directly developing or “improving” the inferior function. In this light, integrating ENFJs learn to regularly employ their Fe and Ni, while allowing the Ti endpoint to take care of itself. Rather than over-emphasizing their skills as independent logicians (Ti), for instance, they are better off focusing on their relationships and social networks (Fe). While it may sound paradoxical, the best way for ENFJs to self-actualize and discover themselves is through consistent engagement with other people. By helping others discover and actualize their potential, ENFJs move ever closer toward self-understanding and personal wholeness.

正如我在其他地方所描述的那样,个人成长更多的是利用我们的自然优势,并且创造更好的条件去发挥我们的功能,而不是直接发展或“改进”第四功能。在这种情况下,整合中的ENFJs学会去定期使用Fe和Ni,同时允许Ti自行处理。例如,与其过分强调自己作为有主见的逻辑学家的能力(Ti),不如专注于发展他们的人际关系和社交网络(Fe)。虽然这听起来可能自相矛盾,但让ENFJs实现自我、发现自己的最佳方式是通过与他人的持续接触。通过帮助他人发现并实现他们的潜能,ENFJs能更接近自我认同和个人完整。


【其他人格型戳戳戳】

MBTI人格系列翻译整理①—— INFJ圣人型

MBTI人格系列翻译整理②—— INTJ专家型

MBTI人格系列翻译整理③—— ENFP记者型

MBTI人格系列翻译整理④—— INFP哲学家型

MBTI人格系列翻译整理⑥——ENFP:Campaigner personality

MBTI人格系列翻译整理⑦—— INTP学者型

MBTI人格系列翻译整理⑧—— ENTP发明家型

MBTI人格系列翻译整理⑨—— ENTJ元帅型

MBTI人格系列翻译整理⑩—— ISFJ守护者型

MBTI人格系列翻译整理⑪—— ISFP艺术家型

MBTI人格系列翻译整理⑫—— ISTP工匠型

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